[Haskell-cafe] Is this a GHC parser error? A test case compiles from one line but not another.

[David Feuer]

Where clauses are not *always* attached to definitions. They can also be
attached to case branches.

case z of
  Just n -> blah
    where blah = n * 7

What I believe is true is that anywhere a set of guards could occur, they
may be followed by a where clause, and vice versa.

On Sep 9, 2017 12:08 AM, "Alexis King" <lexi.lambda at gmail.com> wrote:

> No, it isn’t a GHC parser error.
>
> Your preceding expression ends in a where clause, like this:
>
>    assertBool "4" $ p == Right a where
>        p = ...
>
> That’s fine, but make sure you understand how where works. Where clauses
> are not attached to individual expressions, they are *always* attached
> to definitions. In this case, the where clause is not attached to the
> assertion but to your definition of tHash. GHC parses your program the
> same way as this one:
>
>     tHash = TestCase $ do
>         ...
>         assertBool "4" $ p == Right a
>       where
>         p = ...
>
> Therefore, the where clause forces the termination of the do block,
> since it exists syntactically outside the “body” of a definition. It is
> its own syntactic construct, an optional sequence of definitions in
> scope within the RHS of a definition. You cannot have any more
> expression after the where clause because they would be free-floating,
> outside of any particular definition.
>
> If you really want definitions that are scoped to that single assertion,
> use a let expression instead of a where clause:
>
>     let p = ...
>         a = ...
>     in assertBool "4" $ p == Right a
>
> That works, since let...in blocks serve as completely ordinary
> expressions, and they are permitted anywhere an expression is permitted
> (unlike where clauses, which must “belong” to a top-level or let-bound
> definition).
>
> > On Sep 8, 2017, at 20:54, Jeffrey Brown <jeffbrown.the at gmail.com>
> > wrote:
> >
> > The test suite below[1] does what it's supposed to. The last line of
> > it is a commented-out test case:
> >
> >     -- assertBool "broken" $ True
> >
> > If I uncomment that, it fails to compile:
> >
> >     > :reload
> >     [13 of 13] Compiling TParse           ( test/TParse.hs, interpreted )
> >
> >     test/TParse.hs:67:3: error: parse error on input ‘assertBool’
> >        |
> >     67 |   assertBool "broken" $ True
> >        |   ^^^^^^^^^^
> >     Failed, 12 modules loaded.
> >     >
> >
> > However, if I move it to somewhere earlier in the code, it works.
> >
> >
> > [1] https://github.com/JeffreyBenjaminBrown/digraphs-with-text/blob/
> e5afd39b950752ccb65997b89ab625d859299b4a/test/TParse.hs
> >
> > Jeff Brown | Jeffrey Benjamin Brown
>
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