A language extension for dealing with Prelude.foldr vs Foldable.foldr and similar dilemmas

[Edward A Kmett]

This is basically what you get by default already with the raw proposal we've been talking about -- the Preludes in the haskell98 and haskell2010 remain unmodified by this proposal and are available for teaching use.

Sent from my iPhone

On May 27, 2013, at 8:53 PM, Andrew Farmer <afarmer at ittc.ku.edu> wrote:

> I generally agree with Iavor's points, but if this is such an issue, why not make Prelude more general by default and have a special 'Prelude.Basic' with the more specific type signatures for beginners? The general Prelude would be implicitly imported as now, unless the module imported Prelude.Basic unqualified. Then make Hackage warn/reject packages that use Prelude.Basic.
> 
> Tutorials/Books would have to tell readers to add a magic "import Prelude.Basic" at the beginning of their source files, but tutorials for other languages do this (public static void main(..)?) to relatively little complaint.
> 
> Sorry, I'm sure this has been proposed before... but the proposed extension seems complicated to avoid some qualified imports/hidings. If we really want people to use Foldable's foldr by default, then make it the default and let beginners add a magic line once per file to get simpler types.
> 
> Andrew
> 
> 
> On Mon, May 27, 2013 at 5:07 PM, Daniel Gorín <dgorin at dc.uba.ar> wrote:
>> Hi Iavor,
>> 
>> On May 27, 2013, at 6:18 PM, Iavor Diatchki wrote:
>> 
>> > Hello,
>> >
>> >
>> > On Fri, May 24, 2013 at 12:42 AM, Daniel Gorín <dgorin at dc.uba.ar> wrote:
>> > On May 24, 2013, at 9:28 AM, Simon Peyton-Jones wrote:
>> >
>> >> > How about (in Haskell98)
>> >> >
>> >> >       module Data.List ( foldr, ...)
>> >> >       import qualified Data.Foldable
>> >> >       foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> [a] -> b
>> >> >       foldr = Data.Foldable.foldr
>> >>
>> >> It would not be the same! Using your example one will get that the following fails to compile:
>> >>
>> >> > import Data.List
>> >> > import Data.Foldable
>> >> > f = foldr
>> >>
>> >> The problem is that Data.List.foldr and Data.Foldable.foldr are here different symbols with the same name.
>> >> This is precisely why Foldable, Traversable, Category, etc are awkward to use. The proposal is to make Data.List reexport Data.Foldable.foldr (with a more specialized type) so that the module above can be accepted.
>> >>
>> >
>> > I think that it is perfectly reasonable for this to fail to compile---to me, this sort of implicit shadowing based on what extensions are turned on would be very confusing.  It may seem obvious with a well-known example, such as `foldr`, but I can easily imagine getting a headache trying to figure out a new library that makes uses the proposed feature in anger :)
>> 
>> I understand your concern, but I don't quite see how a library could abuse this feature. I mean, a library could export the same symbol with different specialized types in various modules, but you, the user of the library, will see them as different symbols with conflicting name, just like now you see symbols Prelude.foldr and Data.Foldable.foldr exported by base... unless, of course, you specifically activate the extension (the one called MoreSpecificImports in my first mail). That is, it would be an opt-in feature.
>> 
>> > Also, using module-level language extensions does not seem like the right tool for this task: what if I wanted to use the most general version of one symbol, but the most specific version of another?
>> 
>> Do you have a particular example in mind? The more general version of every symbol can be used wherever the more specialized one fits, and in the (seemingly rare?) case where the extra polymorphism may harm you and that adding a type annotation is not convenient enough, you could just hide the import of more the general  version. Do you anticipate this to be a common scenario?
>> 
>> >  One needs a more fine grained tool, and I think that current module system already provides enough features to do so (e.g., explicit export lists, `hiding` clauses`, and qualified imports).  For example, it really does not seem that inconvenient (and, in fact, I find it helpful!) to write the following:
>> >
>> >     import Data.List hiding (foldr)
>> >     import Data.Foldable
>> 
>> But this doesn't scale that well, IMO. In real code even restricted to the the base package the hiding clauses can get quite long and qualifying basic polymorphic functions starts to feel like polymorphism done wrong.
>> 
>> This can very well be just a matter of taste, but apparently so many people have strong feelings about this issue that it is seriously being proposed to move Foldable and Traversable to the Prelude, removing all the monomorphic counterparts (that is, make Prelude export the unspecialized versions). While this would be certainly convenient for me, I think it would be an unfortunate move: removing concrete (monomorphic) functions in favor of abstract versions will make a language that is already hard to learn, even harder (but there was a long enough thread in the libraries mailing list about this already!). In any case this proposal is an attempt to resolve this tension without "penalizing" any of the sides.
>> 
>> Thanks,
>> Daniel
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