Can strict ST break referential transparency?

[Yuras Shumovich]

Hello,

I was evaluating a possibility that linear types can break referential
transparency [1], exactly like lazy ST [2].

But on the way I realized that even strict ST may suffer from the same
issue. If ST computation is interrupted by e.g. async exception,
runtime will "freeze" it at the point where it was interrupted [3].

So the question: is the "freezed" computation just a normal thunk? Note
that the runtime doesn't guarantee that a thunk will be evaluated only
once [4]. If the "freezed" thunk captures e.g. STRef, and will be
evaluated twice, its effect could become observable from outside, just
like in case of lazy ST.

I tried to check the theory by stress testing RTS. Unfortunately I
immediately discovered a runtime crash [5], which is probably not
related to my question.

Hope someone will be able to clarify things for me.

Thanks,
Yuras.

[1] https://github.com/ghc-proposals/ghc-proposals/pull/91#issuecomment
-345553071
[2] https://ghc.haskell.org/trac/ghc/ticket/14497
[3] See section 8 there: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-co
ntent/uploads/2016/07/asynch-exns.pdf
[4] https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2005/09
/2005-haskell.pdf
[5] https://ghc.haskell.org/trac/ghc/ticket/14497